This paper addresses the question of what contributions science and counselling can make to social dynamics of splitting and bonding in existential crises. The question is answered with the help of social psychological theory and supplemented by the results of a two-stage Delphi survey with n = 11 and n = 18.
Based on this, four hypotheses are developed on division dynamics (S1-S4) and bonding dynamics (B1-B4): division dynamics are strengthened when people feel their self-worth is threatened by other people (S1), the internet is used without reflecting on the distortions of one's own perception (S2), attitudes are publicly devalued and morally condemned (S3), and when prejudices are used to positively distinguish one's own groups from out-groups (S4).
Bonding dynamics are promoted when self-worth is enhanced, stabilised and emancipated (B1), the ability to reflect on one's own perceptions and their distortions is developed (B2), individuals with opposing attitudes are not excluded but integrated (B3), and personal as well as vicarious contact with out-groups is established (B4).
The hypotheses are translated into concrete conclusions for science and counselling.